“mizezTa wignis arabuli versiis qarTuli Targmani pirvelad statiis saxiT gamovaqveyne “ on line”( ix.< htt :// nkila.livejournal.com> 03.09.2006)
mogvianebiT igi movamzade wignad gamocemisaTvis(Sevcvale Targmanis stili,terminebi, Cavaswore Cems mier SemCneuli Secdomebi) da axali misamarTiT gamosaqveyneblad kvlav “ on line” moviSvelie ( ix.< htt://iberi.livejournal.com> 14.10.2007)
E E-mail: <klimiachvili@aol.com>
vuZRvni
akad. giorgi wereTels
“ mizezTa wignis ” arabuli versia
qarTulad
(nana kilaZis Targmani)
mTargmnelis winaTqma
"mizezTa Wigner" arabuli laTinurma Targmanma version (s XII's) Didi aRiareba moipova. Tavad arabul version ((IX ---- Xs.s.) Arabulenovan muslimur samyaroSi, sxva SedevrebTan SedarebiT, mokrZalebuli adgili uWiravs. MizezTa Wigner "saidumloeba amouxsneli rCeba. Saukuneebidan His moyolebuli dRemde gaurkvevelia saw avtori Iyo, Romel enaze Daiwa Tavdapirvelad of Rogor
Iyo dasaTaurebuli originali. qartuli problem samecniero literaturaSic gadauWrelia (ix. qartuli mwerloba,
saqarTveloSi akad. Ggiorgi wereTlis xelmZRvanelobiT His saukuneebis arabul filosofiur teqstebze Seswavlis dawyebas daukavSirda samecniero muSaoba CEMI. Batoni Saves am FAQTs Mitzvah Cveuli xalisiT Sexvda. upirveles yovlisa Baton Giorgis mimarTa of Semdeg, SemTxveviT Sexvedris drosac, air aviwydeboda Sexseneba, rom "mizezTa Wigner" arabuli version Targmani CEMI ERT-erties mniSvnelovani movaleoba Iyo. Bbatonma giorgim WeSmariti mecnieris utyuari sibrZniT iwinaswarmetyvela, rom am Targmanis Sesrulebas aTeuli wlebi dasWirdeboda. samwuxaroa, rom am aTeul wlebs So Gahyva qartuli mecnierebis damfuZnebelTa sicocxlec of adreve dawyebuli Targmani mxolod axla davasrule. lean-aset Drosera amboben sjobs gvian glass arasdros.
qvemoT warmodgenili qartuli Targmani Seesatyviseba arabul version ("Mahdi al-Qalam xaira fi" - "saubari uwmindesi zesTasikeTis Sesaxeb”). Targmani prof. riCard teiloris mier dazustebuli arabuli teqstis ( IX-X s.s.) mixedviT aris Sesrulebuli (ix. The Liber Causis,Kalam Fi Mahd Al-Khair by Richard Taylor A Thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Toronto, 1981). Aes teqsti CemTvis xelmisawvdomi gaxda Tavad prof. teiloris meSveobiT, risTvisac did madlobas vuxdi. gaTvaliswinebulia agreTve o.. bardenheveris mier gamoqveynebuli arabuli teqstic(ix. Otto Bardenhewer, Die pseudo-aristotelische Schrift Ueber das reine Gute bakannt unter dem Namen Liber de causis, Freiburg im Breisgau,1882)
igi Sejerebulia prof. r. teiloris teqstTan da gansxvaveba zogierT SemTxvevaSi TargmanSive aris fiqsirebuli.magram aRvniSno Unda, prof. MIER r.teiloris internetSi dapirebul "mizezTa wignis" gamocemas (ix. internetis Sesabamisi gverdi) rom moeswro qarTuli TargmanisTvis, bardenheveris naSroms, rogorc "mizezTa wignis" Semswavlel ganvlili etapis samecniero literaturas, mxolod movixseniebdi.
"mizezTa wignis" qarTul TargmanTan dakavSirebuli sirTule gasagebi gaxdeba, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rum IGI arcTu martivi nimuSia adreuli accruals im arabulenovani Txzulebebis, romlebSiac mkveTrad Cans elinizaciis gavlena. isini Seiqmnen maSin, rodesac iwyeboda berZnuli originalebis mixedviT arabuli specialuri leqsikis formireba. bevri ram iyo you kidev dauzustebeli, orazrovani since zogjer mcdaric. cxadia, rum A Targmnisas originalisagan momdinare problemebi orkecdeba. magaliTad, zogjer Termini Sinaarsobrivi dazusteba daZleulia, Magram specialurAleqsikur-semantikur erTeulTa sityvasityviTi Targmani, romelic SeiZleba bunebrivi iyos leqsikografisaTvis, qarTul enas examuSeba anda stilisturad miuRebelia. magaliTad, Sua saukuneebis arabul filosofiur teqstebSi emanaciis Sinaarsis gamomxatveli araerTi specialuri leqsikur-semantikuri erTeuli gvxvdeba. specifikis die zusti asaxva advili ar aris, magram die gansxvavebuli Targmani aucilebelia. "MizezTa wignis" mixedviT emanaciis gamomxatveli ERT-erties arabuli Termini pirvel rigSiCems berZnul-MIER-qarTuli arabul leqsikonisaTvis daZebnil "keTilad gardmodindebas" you moZvelebul "keTilaRmodinebas" (ix.ilia abulaZe, Zveli qarTuli enis leqsikoni, Tbilisi, 1973) Seesatyviseba. magram am qarTul TargmanSi ukanasknels vamjobineb "sikeTed gardmoRvrasa" da "sikeTed danTxevas". cxadia, "mizezTa wignis" specialuri leqsikuri erTeulebi da gamoTqmebi mxolod am erTi magaliTiT ar amoiwureba. TargmanSi maTi amocnoba gaTviTcnobierebul mkiTxvels ar gauWirdeba da, amdenad, CamoTvla ar aris aucilebeli. magram vimeoreb, rom Targmnisas vcdilob stilistur gamarTvasTan erTad terminologiis Sinaarsobrivi specifikis dacvas da SeZlebisdagvarad maT dazustebas. ar gavurbivar agreTve stilisturi TvalsazrisiT gamarTlebul ,Tundac erTi leqsikuri originalis sxvadasxva Sesatyvisebs, ra Tqma unda, arabuli da qarTuli enebis Tanafardobis farglebSi. kidev SeiZleba SeCereba zogierT sakiTxze,iseTi wvrilmanzec,rogoric aris ,magaliTad, yovelTvis “uzenaesiTa da umaRlesiT” gadmotana Sesatyvisi arabuli sityvebis maSinac, rodesac teqstSi isini erTmaneTs enacvlebian. Mmagram mTargmneli Sakuta Targmanze naklebad SeCerdeba Tu, Uumjobesia. Targmani xelosnis an xelovnis qmnilebaa of Misi utyuari komentatori of Semfasebeli vercerTi maTgani see iqneba.ra Tqma unda, mxedvelobaSi ara maqvs, saerTod of SemTxvevaSic am samomavlod gaTvaliswinebuli teqstze darTuli mecnieruli gamokvleva of SeniSvnebi.
zemoT aRvniSne, rom "mizezTa wignTan" dakavSirebulia arabuli filosofiuri terminologiis Seqmnis dasawyisi, rac teqstis specialuri leqsikis Targmans arTulebs. gviandeli lean periods, ZiriTadad ukve Camoyalibebuli, berZnul-arabuli da berZnul-siriul-arabuli, leqsikuri erTeulebis dazustebac ar aris advili. sirTules qmnis leqsikur SesatyvisobaTa semantikis xSirad araTanmimdevruli gageba da zogierT SemTxvevaSi mcdari interpretacia. Sua saukneebis mravalenovani leqsikoni, romelsac exeba Cemi statia gamoqveynebuli viven los xsovnisadmi miZRvnil krebulSi, swored am sirTulis daZlevas exmaureba(ix. Essays in Memory of Vivien Law, Nicola Mclelland,Andrew R.Linn (Eds.) The Henry Sweet Society Studies in the History of linguistics-volume 10,Nana V.Kiladze, Comparative Analysis of the Medieval Arabic and Georgian Professional Languages (141-155), Nodus publication, 2005). safiqrebelia, rom His saukuneebis mravalenovani leqsikoni ara marto berZnuli finish-originalebidan momdinare, aramed mat Mirmah darCenili specialuri leqsikuri erTeulebis mowesrigebasac Seuwyobda xels. aset mowesrigeba gagviadvilebda, saerTod, the elinizaciis, kerZod, terminTSemoqmedebis processi monawile Suasaukuneobrivi kultur sxvadasxva warmomadgenelTa wvlilis gansazRvras.
xsenebul leqsikonTan aris dakavSirebuli agreTve vivien losa of CEMI kidev gamouqveynebeli naSromi erties. kvlevis arsi asaxulia saTaurSi --- "sityvebiT gadmocemuli erovnuli TviTmyofadoba" rasac TandarTuli aqvs --- "dasabamsa Soriso sityuai iyo." naSromi mxolod istoriuli TvalsazrisiT air unda IYOSEI saintereso.
man dRevandel globalizaciur procesebSi garkvevasac SeiZleba SeaSvelos Tavis sityva. kvlevis pozitiuri mxare gansakuTrebiT unda gamoCndes amouwuravad mravalmxriv of ganuwyvetliv aqtualur leqsikonebis Sedgenisa of gamocemisas.
"mizezTa Wigner" qvemoT warmodgenili Targmani sasurvelia, rom momavalSi gamoqveyndes TandarTuli
Sesavali weriliT, arabuli teqstiT, komentariTa of leqsikoniT. Mmagram, "Wigner mizezTa" arabul versiaze uadresi siriuli versie gamocemamde, Aset nabij gadadgma, rogorc Cans, naklebad mizanSewonili iqneba. siriuli versiis gamoqveynebis molodinSi aTeuli wlebi gavida. imedi dakarguli ara maqvs, amxanad mimaCnia, rom arabuli versiis qarTulad ametyveleba “mizezTa wignis” sxva versiebis qarTul enaze TargmanTa winapirobad SeiZleba gadiqces.
warmodgenili Targmanis Sesrulebas safuZvlad udevs erTi mimarTulebiT kvleva. igi, arsebiTad, exeba Sua saukuneebis berZnul-arabul-qarTul leqsikur Sesatyvisobas. Sua saukuneebis specialuri arabuli teqstebis gadmoqarTuleba am Sesatyvisobis dazustebis gareSe SeuZlebelia. kvleva aTeuli wlebia mimdinareobs. igi asaxulia gamouqveynebel SromebSi, romlebic arcTu mcire raodenobiT dagrovda, magram off gamocema jerac mxolod dagegmilia. vfiqrob, rom warmodgenilma Targmanma, romelic ERT-meaning adreuli naSromTagania, SeiZleba itvirTos pirveli mercxlis funqcia.
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1. Yovel pirveladi mizezi Meor sayovelTao mizezze umetesi guluxvobiT sikeTed gardmoiRvreba Tavis mizezovanze. upirvelesi, usayovelTaoesi mizezi ZaliTa TvisiTa air scildeba Sagan, Meor sayovelTao mizezi ki ZaliTa TvisiTa scildeba but. mizezovnis momijnave Meor sayovelTao mizezis moqmedebamde, Meor mizezis mizezovanze upirvelesi usayovelTaoesi mizezi moqmedebs. mizezovnis momijnave Meor mizezi see moqmedebs Masz zemoTa upirvelesi mizezis Gares. Meor mizezi Sordeba momijnave mizezovans, meore mizezis zemoTa upirvelesi mizezi ki ar Sordeba, rameTu upirvelesi mizezi aris am mizezovnis mizezis mizezi. amgvarad, upirvelesi mizezi am sagnis momijnave axlosmyof mizezze umtkicesad sagnis mizezi aris.
magaliTad mogvyavs aobiTi arseboba, cocxali arseba da
adamiani, rameTu sagani pirvelad Unda iyos aobiTi
arseboba, Semdeg cocxali arseba da merme adamiani.
maSasadame, cocxali arseba adamianis axlosmyofi
mizezia, xolo aobiTi arseboba Sorsmyofi. magram aobiTi
arseboba aris adamianis mizezi ufro mtkiced, vidre
cocxali arseba, rame Tu igi aris mizezi im cocxali
arsebis, romelic adamianis mizezia. aseve iqneba, Tu Sen,
mkiTxvelo, adamianis mizezad miiCnev sityvierebas. aobiTi arseboba adamianis mizezi iqneba ufro mtkiced, vidre sityviereba, rameTu aobiTi arseboba adamianis mizezis mizezia. dasabuTeba aris is, rom, adamiani aRar darCeba adamiani, Tuki mas sityvierebis Zalas moacileb, magram darCeba cocxali arseba, sulier-mSvinvieri da mgrZnobeli. adamians cocxal arsebasac moacileb Tu, cocxali arseba darCeba plow, lean darCeba aobiTi arseboba. aobiTi arseboba adamians moscildeba cocxali arsebis mocilebisas air, but air rameTu mizezi scildeba mizezovnis mocilebis of deer rCeba Adamian, viTarca aobiTi arseboba. ganukveTel - ganmxoloebuli sxeuli cocxali arsebaa, Tuki Adamian air Aris mxolod aobiTi arsebobaa, Tu cocxali arsebac plow Aris.
maSasadame, natel of cxadia, rom Sorsmyofi upirvelesi mizezi axlosmyof mizezze UFRO farTod moicavs Sagan's UFRO mtkiced Aris am Sagnes mizezi. amisda deer Sorsmyofi mizezis moqmedeba Seiqmna axlosmyof mizezis moqmedebaze umtkicesad sagnisagan Tanaganuyreli. amgvarad mxolod imisaTvis Seiqmna, rom sagan Tavdapirvelad ganicdis Sorsmyofi Zalis zemoqmedebas of Merman, meoregzis, upirvelesis qvemoTa zemoqmedebas Zalis. but upirvelesi mizezi moqmedebisas gansazRvravs Meor mizezs, rameTu moqmedeba Yovel, Meor romliTac mizezi moqmedebs, upirvelesi mizezis moqmedebac Aris, mxolod mainc sxvagvari-uzenaesi of umaRlesi. upirvelesi mizezi air moSordeba Meor mizezis mizezovans Meor mizezis moSorebisas, rameTu upirvelesi mizezis saganze moqmedeba TanaganuyrelobiT axlosmyof mizezze umTavresi of uZlieresia. Meor mizezis mizezovani mxolod upirvelesi mizezis ZaliT myaradqmnili Aris. Meor mizezis romelime saganze moqmedebisas, Meor mizezze zemoT myofi upirvelesi mizezi am saganze ZaliTa TvisiTa sikeTed dainTxeva, mtkice TanaganuyrelobiT Tanaganuyrelobs of icavs
but.
maSasadame, natel of cxadia, rom Sorsmyofi mizezi Sagnes momijnave, axlosmyof mizezze UFRO mtkiced aris Sagnes mizezi. Sorsmyofi mizezi ZaliTa TvisiTa sikeTed ga р dmoiRvreba saganze, but the air icavs Sordeba axlosmyofi mizezis ganSorebiT. piriqiT, rCeba Mastan's Tanaganuyrelia mtkice TanaganuyrelobiT, rogorc naTelvyaviT of gamovaaSkaraveT.
2. Yovel namdvilmyofi aobiTi arseboba an uJamo-maradisze umaRlesi of Masz uadresia an uJamomaradisis Tanadroulia Semdgomia walks of the Jamz zemoT imyofeba. uJamomaradisze uadresi aobiTi arseboba upirvelesi mizezia, igi rameTu uJamomaradisis mizezia. aobiTi arseboba, romelic uJamomaradisis Tanadroulia, aris goneba. aris goneba ert viTarebaSi myaradqmnili aobiTi arseboba, igi arc zemoqmedebas ganicdis icvleba the arc. aobiTi arseboba, uJamomaradisis Semdgomi of Droze zemoTa, aris suli, rameTu, uJamomaradisis Tvalsawieridan mdabali, Jamz zemoT imyofeba.
upirvelesi mizezi rom Tavad uJamomaradisze uadresia, sabuTdeba uJamomaradisis aobiTi arsebobisaTvis upirvelesi mizezis mier TanziarebiT arsobis miniWebiT. Cven vambobT, rom yoveli uJamomaradisi aobiTi arsebobaa, magram ar vambobT, rom yoveli aobiTi arseboba aris uJamomaradisi. aobiTi arseboba uJamomaradisze ufro metad sayovelTaoa. upirvelesi mizezi uJamomaradisze zemoT imyofeba, rameTu uJamomaradisi upirvelesi mizezis mizezovania. goneba uJamomaradiss uTanxmdeba, rameTu masTan erTad ganfenil-ganziduli, arc gadasxvavdeba da arc icvleba. suli uJamomaradiss qvemodan sazRvrad ekvris, rameTu anaWdeviTi zemoqmedebiT gonebaze umdablesia.*(mTargmnelis SeniSvna-aq da SemdgomSic ase aRiniSneba o. bardenheveris teqstisTvis upiratesobis MiniWeb). Magram igi Jamz zemoT imyofeba, rameTu Jamis mizezia.
3. Yovel Maral suli-samgvari sulieri, gonebrivi by RvTaebrivi moqmedebebiT xasiaTdeba. sulis RvTaebrivi moqmedeba bunebas gangebiT mTavrebrivobs boulders arsebuli upirvelesi mizezis ZaliT. sulis gonebrivi moqmedeba Seicnobs sagnebs arsebuli gonebis ZaliT boulders. sulieri moqmedeba pirvelsa by Yvel bunebriv sxeuls amoZravebs, rameTu igi aris sxeulTa moZraobisa by bunebis moqmedebis mizezi.
suli mxolod aset moqmedebebiT imisaTvis moqmedebs, Roma Zalis umaRlesi xateba-nimuSia. saxeldobr, upirvelesma mizezma warmoSva Sulis aobiTi arseboba gonebis SuamavlobiT. amisaTvis Seiqmna Suli RvTaebrivi moqmedebiT momqmedi. maSasadame, rodesac upirvelesma mizezma warmoSva aobiTi arseboba Sulis, Seqmna viTarca gonebis qveS dafenil-ganrTxmuli, goneba rom moqmedebs Tavisi moqmedebebiT. Gamo Aamisda Seiqmna gonebrivi Suli gonebiTi moqmedebiT momqmedi. ramdenadac sulma gonebis anaWdeviTi zemoqmedeba miiRo, Seiqmna Sulis qvemoT anaWdeviT zemoqmedebisas moqmedebiT gonebaze umdablesi. saxeldobr, Suli sagnebze anaWdeviT zemoqmedebs mxolod moZraobiT. vgulisxmob, rom, Sulis qvemoT RAC arsebobs, brackish mxolod SeiTvisebs moqmedebas Sulis, rodesac aamoZravebs school. mizezis am gamoisobiT Seiqmna school, viTarca sxeulebis mamoZravebeli. marTlacda, school sxeulebis gancxovelebiT gankerZovdeba, rodesac ZaliTa TvisiTa Deaf gardmoiRvreba Matz da sulive daayenebs sxeulebs gonivruli moqmedebis gzaze Azria.
maSasadame, axla naTelia, rom samgvarad moqmedebs school, Sami rameTu mas aqvs Zala - RvTaebrivi, gonebrivi arsiTi da, da viTarca aRvwereT gamovamxileT.
4th warmoSobad saganTagan upirvelesi Aris aobiTi arseboba da aobiTi arsebobis miRma sxva warmoSobadi sagani aRar arsebobs. aobiTi arseboba mgrZnobelobaze, sulze da gonebaze zemoT imyofeba -- upirvelesi mizezis Semdeg uWarbesad mravlismomcvelia da umetesi mizezovani misgan momdinareobs. amitom igi yvela warmoSobad saganze uzenaesi da yvela maTganze umtkicesad erTmyofi Seiqmna. aseTad Seiqmna igi im
uwmindes aobiT arsebobasTan da uWeSmarites zeerTTan siaxlovis gamo, romelSiac ar aris aranairi saxeobiTi simravle.
warmoSobadi aobiTi arseboba, miuxedavad imisa, rom erTia, mravljeradic aris, vgulisxmob, rom igi eTviseba simravles. miuxedavad imisa, rom warmo arcerTi sagani arsebobs Arar, igi mravlobs, rameTu sasrul aris-usasrulobisagan Sedgenili. saxeldobr, yvela nawiliT upirvelesi mizezis momijnave warmoSobadi aobiTi arseboba ukiduresi ZaliTa aris sxva da yvela madliTa srulyofili goneba. Aam gonebis gonebrivi formebi umetesad mravlismomcveli da umtkicesad sayovelTao Arian. upirvelesi mizezis momijnave warmoSobadi aobiTi arsebobis mcired-mdabali nawilic gonebaa, magram upirvelesi mizezis yvela nawiliT momijnave gonebaze naklebi srulyofilebiT, ZaliTa da madliTa TvisiTa. Arian ar masSi gonebrivi formebi iseTive mravlismomcveli, rogorc srulyofil gonebaSi. pirveli warmoSobadi aobiTi arseboba mTlianad goneba aris. mxolod goneba masSi ISE sxvadasxvagvarobs, ragvaradac movixsenieT. iq, sadac goneba sxvadasxvagvarobs, gonebrivi formebic sxvadasxvagvari Seiqmneba. viTarca erTi formisagan, rodesac igi mdabal samyaroSi sxvadasxvagvarobs, ganJamiTdebian usasrulod mravali ganukveTel-ganmxoloebuli sxeulebi, aseve pirveli warmoSobadi aobiTi arsebobis sxvadasxvagvarobisas gamovlindebian usasrulo gonebrivi formebi. magram gonebrivi formebi, miuxedavad imisa, rom sxvadasxvagvaroben, ar ganirCevian ise, viTarca ganukveTel--ganmxoloebuli sxeulebi. gonebrivi formebi gaxrwnis gareSe erTmyofni arian da gamorCevis gareSe dayofadi, rameTu isini arian mravlobiTad erTi da erTebrivad mravali. pirveli gonebani meore gonebebze sikeTed gardmoiRvrebian im madlTa wyalobiT, romlebsac uwyalobebs upirvelesi mizezi da isini warimarTebian madlTa wyalobiTve manam, sanam maT Soris ukanasknels ar miaRweven. upirvelesi mizezis momijnave pirveli, maRali gonebani anaWdeviT zemoqmedeben iseT myaradqmnilsa da mdgrad formebze,
romlebic ar warixocebian* ise, rom ganmeorebisaTvis meorejeroba dasWirdeT. Mmeore gonebani anaWdeviT zemoqmedeben bunebiT misaqcevels miqcevad da ganqarvebad formebze, rogoric aris suli. suli xom warmoSobadi aobiTi arsebobis qvemodan momijnave meore gonebis qmnilebaa.
sulebi mxolod imgvarad mravloben, rogorc gonebani. saxeldobr, sulis aobiTi arsebobac aris sasruli, magram Tavisi qvena gamovleniT usasruloa. maS, gonebis momijnave sulebi arian srulqmnilni da srulyofilni -- naklebad misaqcevels miqcevadi da ganqarvebadi. aobiTi arsebobis qvemodan momijnave sulebi maRali sulebze umniSvnelod srulyofili da misaqcevels miqcevadi arian. maRali sulebi gonebisagan SeTvisebuli madliTa TvisiTa sikeTed gardmoiRvrebian mdabal sulebze. gonebisagan umetesi Zalis SemTvisebeli yoveli suli uZlieresad anaWdeviTi zemoqmedebisaa da uZlieresad anaWdeviTi zemoqmedebis sulebisagan rac momdinareobs aris myaradqmnili da mdgradi. da Tan, gaTanabrebulad ganuwyvetelia am myaradqmnilisa da mdgradis moZraoba. sulebi, romlebSiac gonebis Zala umciresia, pirvelad sulebze naklebad anaWdeviTi zemoqmedebisa arin da maTi anaWdeviTi zemoqmedebis Aris ganmcdeli scare the cvalebadi warxocadi. lean miuxedavad am eseobisa, mainc scare the cvalebadi warxocadi Aris qmnadobiT xangrZlivmyofi.
maSasadame, gamomxilda, risTvis Seiqmna mravali gonebrivi form of mxolod mxolod arawinaaRmdegobrivad erties, martivi aobiTi arsebobisagan; risTvis of Seiqmna erTimeoreze uZlieresi mravali Suli aobiTi arsebobiT arawinaarmdegobrivad martivi erTisagan.